China's first offshore million-tonne carbon storage project was put into operation on Thursday in the South China Sea, according to the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC). The project is designed to store a total of more than 1.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is equivalent to planting nearly 14 million trees, according to the company.

5月31日拍攝的中國(guó)海油恩平15-1原油鉆采平臺(tái)上的二氧化碳封存項(xiàng)目 圖片來源：新華社

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

“海上碳封存”，全稱為“海上二氧化碳地質(zhì)封存”，二氧化碳封存是減少大氣中二氧化碳濃度的有效方法之一。海上碳封存是如何實(shí)現(xiàn)的？首先是要找到合適的存儲(chǔ)位置。位置選好后，就要通過鉆井建立一條往“碗”里輸二氧化碳的通道。最后，海洋石油專家們創(chuàng)新性地為注氣管柱加裝了光纖監(jiān)測(cè)裝置，每隔一米就有一個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)，就像數(shù)千只敏銳的眼睛，在看不見摸不著的幾千米井下無死角觀察注氣管柱是否存在泄漏。二氧化碳注入地層后，大部分將被頂部的蓋層永久蓋住，同時(shí)一部分被地層孔隙捕獲，一部分慢慢溶解在地層水中，還有一部分與巖石和地層水反應(yīng)生成碳酸鹽礦物。

中國(guó)海域地殼穩(wěn)定性好、沉積盆地分布廣、地層厚度大、構(gòu)造地層圈閉多，具備封存二氧化碳的良好地質(zhì)條件，封存潛力達(dá)2.58萬億噸。6月1日，我國(guó)首個(gè)百萬噸級(jí)海上碳封存示范工程——恩平15-1油田碳封存示范工程在珠江口海域正式投用。這標(biāo)志著我國(guó)初步形成了海上二氧化碳注入、封存和監(jiān)測(cè)的全套鉆完井技術(shù)和裝備體系，填補(bǔ)了我國(guó)海上二氧化碳封存技術(shù)的空白。

【重要講話】

推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展綠色化、低碳化是實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。加快推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、能源結(jié)構(gòu)、交通運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)等調(diào)整優(yōu)化。實(shí)施全面節(jié)約戰(zhàn)略，推進(jìn)各類資源節(jié)約集約利用，加快構(gòu)建廢棄物循環(huán)利用體系。完善支持綠色發(fā)展的財(cái)稅、金融、投資、價(jià)格政策和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，發(fā)展綠色低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)，健全資源環(huán)境要素市場(chǎng)化配置體系，加快節(jié)能降碳先進(jìn)技術(shù)研發(fā)和推廣應(yīng)用，倡導(dǎo)綠色消費(fèi)，推動(dòng)形成綠色低碳的生產(chǎn)方式和生活方式。

A green and low-carbon economy and society are crucial to high-quality development. We must work faster to adjust and improve the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the composition of the transportation sector. We will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy, conserve resources of all types and use them efficiently, and move faster to put in place a system for recycling waste and used materials. Fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, and pricing policies and systems of standards will be improved to support green development. We will boost green and low-carbon industries and improve the system for market-based allocation of resources and environmental factors. We will accelerate the R&D, promotion, and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon emission reduction technologies, encourage green consumption, and promote green and low-carbon ways of production and life.

——2022年10月16日，習(xí)近平在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第二十次全國(guó)代表大會(huì)上的報(bào)告

實(shí)現(xiàn)碳達(dá)峰碳中和是中國(guó)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的內(nèi)在要求，也是中國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)的莊嚴(yán)承諾。中國(guó)將踐信守諾、堅(jiān)定推進(jìn)，已發(fā)布《2030年前碳達(dá)峰行動(dòng)方案》，還將陸續(xù)發(fā)布能源、工業(yè)、建筑等領(lǐng)域具體實(shí)施方案。中國(guó)已建成全球規(guī)模最大的碳市場(chǎng)和清潔發(fā)電體系，可再生能源裝機(jī)容量超10億千瓦，1億千瓦大型風(fēng)電光伏基地已有序開工建設(shè)。

Achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality are the intrinsic requirements of China's own high-quality development and a solemn pledge to the international community. China will honor its word and keep working toward its goal. We have unveiled an Action Plan for Carbon Dioxide Peaking Before 2030, to be followed by implementation plans for specific sectors such as energy, industry and construction. China now has the world's biggest carbon market and biggest clean power generation system: the installed capacity of renewable energy has exceeded one billion kilowatts, and the construction of wind and photovoltaic power stations with a total installed capacity of 100 million kilowatts is well under way.

——2022年1月17日，習(xí)近平在2022年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇視頻會(huì)議上的重要講話

【相關(guān)詞匯】

二氧化碳  carbon dioxide (CO2)

石油平臺(tái)  oil platform

雙碳目標(biāo)  "dual carbon" goal

來源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)

責(zé)任編輯：馬文慧